Changing Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Changing Accounting - Essay Example siness was usually owned by individuals through shareholding, in Germany businesses were mainly owned by families whose capital had been providing by financial institutions. These differences in ownership structures have been led to the development of accounting standards that are geared towards shareholders in Britain and towards creditors in Germany. This paper will look at some why the accounting standards are different in Germany and in the United kingdom, in addition, it will also discuss the reasons why the the 4th directive had minimal effects on German’s accounting standards and why the 7th directive had more impact. One of the differences between German and UK accounting standards is the format of the financial statements. While in the two countries it is mandatory for companies to prepare a balance sheet and profit and loss account, in Germany, these are supposed to be accompanied by a note to the accounts, which explain the details in those accounts. In preparing a balance sheet, the UK accounting standards have allowed for two formats; one is the vertical format where current assets are deducted from current liabilities to show net current assets, the other format is the two sided format where liabilities and assets are placed on opposite sides with the easily liquefiable at the end. According to German standards, balance sheets can only be prepared using the two-sided format with assets being divided into current and fixed assets. In preparation for profit and loss accounts, United Kingdom allows for four formats two of which are vertical and two of which are horizontal. In the vertical formats, one formats puts expenditure as a cost of sales, distribution or administrative cost therefore, giving the gross profits while the other vertical formats gives a more detailed view of expenditure. On the side of the horizontal formats, expenses are put on one side and income on the other side with one of the format giving more details about the expenses.

Triaxial method Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Triaxial method - Lab Report Example Insitu soil material is tested in during subsurface phase. This phase is an investigation stage that will help prepare design a waste containment facility or structures. The tests done will be used for structural fill, recompacted soil layers, and any other engineering components. These forms of tests are called conformance tests and are performed before any construction starts. Appropriate ASTM test methods must be followed when performing tests of materials. The common tests applied in geotechnical investigation are; Standard Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions ASTM 3080, Standard Test Method for Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Compression Test on Cohesive Soils ASTM 2850, Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil ASTM 2166, Standard Test Method for Consolidated-Undrained Triaxial Compression Test for Cohesive Soils ASTM 4767 and Standard Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils ASTM D 2435.1.0Â  Theoretical BackgroundThe purpose of this test is to establish the undrained shear strength of soil and applied to scenarios where fine-grained soils will be saturated and loading expected at a rate that overwhelms the ability of soil materials to dissipate excess pore water pressure. The author states that the shear strength parameters of fine and course grained soils in undisturbed or remolded state is quickly established. In a situation where the rate of construction is slow and allows the soil.

Volunteer tourism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Volunteer tourism - Assignment Example Of course, the procedure will entail doing research and continuously improving product features that the firm offers. Motivations of this subject are varied with results such as experiencing new things, having fun and skill development among others. This paper seeks this impression of change further as it examine and explore the impact that volunteer tourism organizations play, Speciessaver in particular, for the advancement of humanities and understanding. The paper is developed for Australian intended tourism terminus in Truong Son, in Vietnam. As will be stated in the body of the paper, application methods are researched on and availed at the convenience of willing participants. Tourism is mobile vocational trip that one goes for to enjoy leisure or for business purpose. Increasing personal earnings and arising awareness due to the emergence of technology are just a few factors to mention that have contributed to tourism. Currently, the rate at which financial independence is contracting has promoted the lookout for volunteers in a variety of endeavours (Li-Ju & Joseph 2010). Lyons and Wearing (2008) suggested that the volunteer tourists be those individuals who are driven by internal desire to contribute towards the development and to gain more insight on things through learning new skills. Such persons are dedicated to a reduction of poverty and for the betterment of environmental conditions as well as saving the animal species (Lyons & Wearing 2008). Many companies have since gained insight in advancing the same through linking and facilitating these groups. Management of these groups is essential for efficient delivery of services they would volunteer to provide. This paper probes the classification of these potential volunteers in view of their basic and immediate perception of offering voluntary work in collaboration of attaining

Western architecture before 1100 AD Research Paper

Western architecture before 1100 AD - Research Paper Example It is given that there are compelling reasons which inform my choice of the Bent Pyramid. One of the qualities that make the pyramid strikingly unique is the pyramid’s very structure. Unlike other pyramids, the structure of the Bent Pyramid is divided into portions. The lower part of the Bent Pyramid is raised from the surrounding desert or physical landscape at an inclination of 45 degrees. However, the upper part of the Bent Pyramid has a shallower angle. The shallower angle is 43 degrees and thereby lending the pyramid a palpably bent appearance. As if the immediately foregoing is not enough, it is strikingly important that the Bent Pyramid has two entrances. Both of the two entrances lead to chambers with high and corbelled ceilings. One of the entrances has a low down on its northern side. This side has a substantial wooden staircase which had been built for the sake of tourists. Specifically, the northern entrance give way to a chamber that is situated below ground level. Needless to say, presently, the Bent Pyramid is not accessible for tourists. Facing the west side of the pyramid is the second entrance which is located higher above the ground, than the first entrance. The second entrance (the western one) leads to a chamber which is in the body of the very pyramid. According to Broughton (1998, p. 469), the corbelled ceiling which is to the left is also to be visible from the first chamber. This corbelling is to be rougher, to ward off the danger of termites or rot. When one turns around by 180 degrees, he is able to take the first peek into the lower chamber. Again, the corbelled ceiling is to be covered with modern scaffolding. There is to be a ladder, nearly 50 foot long leading up to a connecting passageway which is between the passageways and chambers that are accessible from the western entrance, one the one hand, and the set of chambers, on the other. As if the positive and aesthetic attributes of the Bent Pyramids are not

Change and leadership management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Change and leadership management - Essay Example However, it might be possible only if the leader may act tactfully and motivate the employees towards working in order to improve the productivity and image of the organization in the entire market, in-spite of varied types of changes. Only then, the image and profit margin of the organization might get enhanced in the market among other rival players. Moreover, if the changes might be handled in an effective way then the popularity and equity of the organization may be enhanced thereby amplifying its competitiveness in the market to a certain extent in long run among others. This essay is divided into five phases that highlight the significance of leadership within an organization. Along with this, it also highlights the role of leadership within a change management situation with the help of models like Kotters 8 steps, Lewin’s change management model. The paper seeks to facilitate an understanding that there is a need to select an individual with good leadership skills who has the perfect kind of drive needed to increase the profits and the sustainability of the organization to stay competitive above its peers. To get a superior understanding of the sort of effective leadership and management, the paper will incorporate the description of modes of operation of the company Biogen Idec Incorporated. The company deals with biotechnology products that may include drugs for autoimmune disorders, neurological disorders and cancer. The company experiences direct competition from similar biotechnological companies such as Serono, Novartis and Teva. Thi s makes it necessary that leadership strategies are placed to guarantee they stay above these competing companies in the same platform. For the purpose of surviving in this competitive era, leadership is the most essential requirement. As it acts as a weapon not only stimulate the profit margin and productivity of an organization but also to mitigate varied

Automobile and Bumper Sticker Essay Example for Free

Automobile and Bumper Sticker Essay Copy and paste the questions into the student comments section. Read the questions thoroughly. Answer the questions in a full and complete manner. Use complete sentences, including proper spelling and grammar. When you are ready to turn in your assignment, add a check mark to the Submit for Grading box and then select Submit. Module 5: Laws and Rules of the Road Create a car saying (Bumper Sticker) or a Road Sign (Billboard) that would describe one main point you learned in Module 5. This is an example of a bumper sticker from a former student: â€Å"â€Å"Driving the right speed is always a good deed. Enjoy your ride and don’t collide! † 1. What would yours say? â€Å"SPEED. Do It Right Save A Life 2. How would it look? It would have a black background, the saying would have red letters, and there would be speed limits signs around the words. 3. Now, write at least one paragraph (5 sentences or more) which explains why you thought this would make a great bumper sticker or billboard, and how it summarizes the information you learned in Module Five. Remember to use complete sentence answers and proper spelling and grammar. My billboard would be great because so many drives, whether they are young or old, are speeding causing unnecessary accidents, killing or injuring innocent people. More and more drivers are becoming reckless. To either just show-off or from being impatient.. 3. Now, write at least one paragraph (5 sentences or more) which explains why you thought this would make a great bumper sticker or billboard, and how it summarizes the information you learned in Module Five. Module 6: Effects of Alcohol and Drugs Some day you might find yourself in a dangerous driving situation because of drugs, alcohol, or extreme drowsiness due to medication. Talk to a parent or guardian about what they would like for you to do if you find yourself in this situation. Answer the following questions in one or more complete sentences. 1. Explain three ways you can get home safely, without getting behind the wheel, if there are drugs or alcohol in your system. A. I would see how well I was feeling that day. B. I would see how any medication affected me before getting behind the wheel. C. Call your parents, call a cab, take a bus 2. Explain three ways you can get home safely if the friend you rode with has drugs or alcohol in his system and you prevent him from getting behind the wheel. A. Drive yourself. Call another friend to pick you up. Call your parents to pick you up. B. Get a taxi, get a bus. Try walking it C. I would take the wheel and drive him home 3. What would your parent/guardian want you to do? My parent would want me to take responsiblity and drive my friend home safely. 4. Look up and list the number of a local taxi or car service in your community. Include the company name and telephone numbe 24/7 Yellow Cab Serving the 33157 Area. (305) 244-4444 A A A Taxi Inc Serving the 33157 Area. (305) 999-9990

The Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism Essay

The Marketing Strategy Of Air Arabia Tourism Essay The company Air Arabia which is chosen in this report is a public company. This report also gives information about how the company works internally and externally. The main hub of the Air Arabia Company is in Sharjah, U.A.E and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco. This report will also give you the financial Information of the company and also about its competitors financial status like its sales, profit, and market share. Air Arabia is worlds First and Largest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to operate in Middle East and North Africa. It operates in more than 40 countries worldwide and has segmented its target market in Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. The report also gives complete information about the companys Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats and also about its Product (Services), Price, Place and Promotion. Last but not the least, the report has showed the position of the company in the current market, evidence of the compa nys success and prospects for future growth/success. Air Arabia Introduction Air Arabia is the first largest Low Cost Carrier (LCC) to operate in Middle East and North Africa. Air Arabia started its operation in October 2003 and holds a portfolio of successful business.The Main Hub of Air Arabia is Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and later on announced its third hub in Egypt. The current CEO of Air Arabia is Adel Ali who was named as Airline CEO of the Year for 3 years. Air Arabia is named as Best Low Cost Carrier at many Airline Awards. Air Arabia is a listed company on the Dubai Financial Market. The current Air Arabia slogan is Air Arabia, Pay Less Fly More. The Market Environment: Air Arabia has spread it wings from its hubs; Sharjah Airport, UAE and Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca, Morocco and Egypt to over 65 destinations spreading across Middle East, Indian Subcontinents, South and Central Asia, Africa and Europe. Air Arabia is in Airline Industry and has maintained a portfolio of successful business till now. The Airline Industry provides with Air transport services to passengers who want to travel to different countries which are covered by Airplanes in much less time. It also provides with air cargo facilities. The Competition The Main Competitors Air Arabia has many competitors such as Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, and Air India Express but out of all these the main competitor of Air Arabia is Jazeera Airways. Sales and Profit Trend Jazeera Airways faced a Net Loss of 8.2 million in the year 2009. In the year 2010 the company is still operating in loss of 4.4 million in the first quarter and a loss of 4.7 million in the second quarter. Market Share Jazeera Airways head office is in Kuwait. It also had its hub in UAE but because of it facing loss in the previous year it had decided to close down the UAE hub. So now it only controls from Kuwait. Target Market Jazeera Airways is a low cost airline that targets the people with low income. The Company Sales and Profit Trend Air Arabias company profits in the year 2009 were AED 452 million. In the year 2010 the profits of the company in the first quarter were AED 50 million and in the second quarter were also AED 50 million. The company is building up a strong network route which is helping in growing its sales. Market Share The following graph shows Air Arabia Profit generated worldwide. GCC AED 63.28 million Middle East AED 63.28 million North Africa AED 49.72 million Central Asia AED 22.6 million Europe AED 94.92 million Indian Subcontinents AED 158.2 million Business Sector Air Arabia is a public sector company with its share listed on the Dubai Financial Market (DFM: AIRARABIA). SWOT analysis Strengths Air Arabia is the first low cost carrier in the GCC region. Given the huge investment required in setting up an airline, competition will need time to be a significant threat. Sharjah Airport gives significant waivers to Air Arabia in the form of landing and parking fees. Despite a very young history, net profits have been increasing at a CAGR of over 200% since 2005. The company managed to generate its first net profit in 2005 after starting operations in late 2003. Weaknesses Less number of planes Hub location A deterrent for residents of other emirates in UAE other than Dubai. Fuel prices account for roughly 38% of total operating costs for Air Arabia. The price hike in crude oil is expected to continue affecting the airline. Opportunities With a firm order for 34 aircraft and an option for 15 more, Air Arabia is poised for growth. The airline is expected to add more destinations to its portfolio. Competition is still young when compared to Air Arabia which gives the company time to further solidify its positioning as a quality LCC. The UAE and the GCC as a whole is focused on attracting tourists to the region. As the region grows with the rising price of oil, the accessible market for Air Arabia also expands in the long-term. Threats Being the most significant component of operating costs, energy prices can seriously hamper Air Arabias performance. Airlines around the world are struggling because of rising energy costs. Low LCC penetration in the region makes the pie very large however new LCCs are on their way to make the division more diluted in the future. New LCCs include Sama, Nas, RAK Airways and Fly Dubai. Due to limited choice in aircraft suppliers, airlines are sensitive to delivery schedules of aircraft. The delivery of the 34 ordered aircraft is originally meant to commence in 2013. The Companys Marketing Strategy Segmentation Air Arabia has been spread worldwide through three hubs namely Sharjah Airport, Mohamed V Airport in Casablanca and Egypt airport. Air Arabia is in Travel and Tourism industry which is further divided into Travel industry which provides with travel facilities to passengers who want to travel to other countries whereas Tourism industry which help with Hotel reservations. Targeting Air Arabia targets people with low income who would like to travel the world which could not be possible as the air freight is high. But nowadays people with good income have also started traveling in Air Arabia as it helps them to save for better future. Positioning Air Arabia has positioned itself in the market in such a way that has kept it far ahead of its competitors. Air Arabia and Jazeera airways are in competition but still demand for Air Arabia is high as it provides cheap ticket price. Growth Strategy Air Arabia has planned to expand its Sharjah hub by Investing 2.0 billion in new aircrafts which will increase the number of planes to 34 by 2015.this expansion will also increase the frequency of flights on certain routes, i.e. doubling the number of daily flights in most cases. The Marketing Mix Product (Service) Air Arabia offers many services to their customers according to the target segment they belong to. They provide with online booking which reduces the time of a customer to go to any agency and book a flight. Air Arabia also provides with hotel-reservation service and recommends the best options for customers according to their needs and budgets. Price Air Arabia is using a low cost strategy, which is to offer lower price than what other airlines in the market offer. It uses this strategy because it targets people from low to medium-income level who are willing to pay less in order to fly more. Place The main base of Air Arabia is in Sharjah, UAE. It has more three hubs which are in Morocco, Egypt and Jordon. Air Arabia also has an Online Website through which customers can book their flights, check the latest offers and book an accommodation in a hotel during his/her travel. Promotion Air Arabia always advertise in local and international, Arabic and English newspapers and magazines because their target audience are people from all nationalities. It advertises in business, family and social magazines worldwide to reach their target audience who have different interests. Air Arabia has created a website offers many services such as the online booking, which allow customers to select particular seats or service from their home. Furthermore, Air Arabia advertises in many websites from different fields such as the MSN messenger and the Gulf News. Evaluation of the Companys Strategies and Tactics Current Market Situation Air Arabia being the First and largest Low Cost Carrier in the Middle East and North Africa have put themselves ahead of their competitors. The companys services are being demanded by many customers due to whom in 2010 the Net Profit of the company in third quarter increased to AED 136 million. Evidence of Companys Success The Companys profit in the year 2009 was AED 452 million which had been decreased from the previous year. But the companys growth strategy shows that it will be successful in the coming years. Prospects for future growth/success Air Arabia have invested AED 1.7 2.0 billion on new aircrafts to increase the number of planes by 2015. This investment will increase the frequency of the flights on certain routes. Conclusion Air Arabia has been growing in Travel and Tourism industry with a vision to offer better services and to be the best airline on every route it flies by improving a strong network route. Thus, it has many target segments of people with low to medium- income levels that are looking for low air fares. The ambition of Air Arabia is a fleet expansion of 50 aircrafts by 2015 and also establishing more hubs to link the whole Arab world to Africa and Europe